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General Medication Fact Sheet for Mycobutin
| Field | Information |
|---|---|
| Medication Name | Mycobutin |
| Generic Name | Rifabutin |
| Boxed/Label Warning | May cause serious or fatal hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis. Discontinue if signs or symptoms of hypersensitivity occur. Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents. |
| Purpose | To prevent disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease in patients with advanced HIV infection. |
| Mechanism of Action | Inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase in susceptible organisms, preventing RNA synthesis. |
| Dosage Forms | Oral capsules |
| Available Strengths | 150 mg |
| Dosage Frequency | Typically once daily, or as directed by a healthcare provider. |
| Common Side Effects | Rash, gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain), headache, changes in taste, body fluids (sweat, tears, urine) may become orange-red in color. |
| Serious Side Effects | Uveitis, severe gastrointestinal symptoms (severe diarrhea, abdominal cramps), blood disorders (neutropenia, thrombocytopenia), severe skin reactions (Stevens-Johnson Syndrome), Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD). |
| Drug Interactions | Many drugs interact with rifabutin. Protease inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), azole antifungals, macrolide antibiotics, warfarin, digoxin, oral contraceptives. |
| Important Notes | Use effective contraception during treatment and for 12 weeks after stopping Mycobutin. Inform your doctor of all medications you are taking. Can cause permanent discoloration of soft contact lenses. |
| Storage | Store at room temperature away from moisture and light. |
| Missed Dose | Take as soon as you remember; skip if it’s almost time for your next dose. Do not double the dose. |
| Alternatives | Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Ethambutol, Amikacin. |
Mycobutin Alternatives
| Medication | Mechanism of Action | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Azithromycin | Macrolide antibiotic; inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. | Often used in combination with other drugs for MAC prophylaxis and treatment. |
| Clarithromycin | Macrolide antibiotic; inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. | Similar to Azithromycin but may have different drug interaction profiles. |
| Ethambutol | Inhibits arabinosyl transferases involved in cell wall synthesis. | Used in combination with other drugs to treat MAC and tuberculosis. |
| Amikacin | Aminoglycoside antibiotic; inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. | Typically reserved for severe or resistant infections. Given intravenously or intramuscularly. |
Mycobutin Side Effects
| Common Side Effects | Serious Side Effects |
|---|---|
| Rash | Uveitis (eye inflammation) |
| Nausea | Severe gastrointestinal symptoms (severe diarrhea, abdominal cramps) |
| Vomiting | Blood disorders (neutropenia, thrombocytopenia) |
| Abdominal pain | Severe skin reactions (Stevens-Johnson Syndrome) |
| Headache | *Clostridium difficile*-associated diarrhea (CDAD) |
| Changes in taste | Hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis) |
| Orange-red discoloration of body fluids | Pulmonary infiltrates (rare) |
Mycobutin Dosage Guide
| Condition | Starting Dose | Maintenance Dose | Administration Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| MAC Prophylaxis in HIV | 300 mg | 300 mg once daily | May be taken with or without food. Dosage adjustments may be necessary based on drug interactions and side effects. |
| MAC Treatment in HIV (Combination Therapy) | 300 mg | 300 mg once daily | Administered as part of a multi-drug regimen. Monitor for drug interactions. |
Mycobutin Price With And Without Insurance
| Purchase Context | Estimated Price |
|---|---|
| With Insurance | $50 – $250 |
| Without Insurance (U.S.) | $650 – $800 |
| From Canada | $218.95 |
