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General Medication Fact Sheet for Trimethoprim
| Field | Information |
|---|---|
| Medication Name | Trimethoprim |
| Generic Name | Trimethoprim |
| Purpose | Antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections |
| Mechanism of Action | Inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, disrupting folic acid synthesis |
| Dosage Forms | Oral tablets |
| Available Strengths | 100 mg |
| Dosage Frequency | Typically twice daily, or as directed by a healthcare provider |
| Common Side Effects | Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite |
| Serious Side Effects | Severe allergic reactions, blood disorders, liver problems |
| Drug Interactions | Warfarin, phenytoin, methotrexate, diuretics |
| Important Notes | Take with plenty of water; consult a doctor if symptoms worsen or do not improve |
| Storage | Store at room temperature away from moisture and light |
| Missed Dose | Take as soon as you remember; skip if it’s almost time for your next dose. Do not double the dose. |
| Alternatives | Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim (Bactrim, Septra), Nitrofurantoin, Ciprofloxacin |
Trimethoprim Alternatives
| Medication | Mechanism of Action | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim (Bactrim, Septra) | Inhibits folic acid synthesis at two different points | Commonly used for urinary tract infections and other bacterial infections. |
| Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid, Macrodantin) | Damages bacterial DNA | Primarily used for urinary tract infections. |
| Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) | Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV | A fluoroquinolone antibiotic used for various bacterial infections. |
| Fosfomycin (Monurol) | Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis | Single-dose treatment for uncomplicated urinary tract infections. |
Trimethoprim Side Effects
| Common Side Effects | Serious Side Effects |
|---|---|
| Nausea | Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing) |
| Vomiting | Blood disorders (decreased white blood cells, platelets) |
| Diarrhea | Liver problems (jaundice, abdominal pain) |
| Loss of appetite | Severe skin reactions (Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis) |
| Skin rash | Kidney problems |
Trimethoprim Dosage Guide
| Condition | Starting Dose | Maintenance Dose | Administration Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) | 100 mg | 100 mg twice daily | Take with plenty of water. |
| Prostatitis | 100 mg | 100 mg twice daily | Take as directed by your healthcare provider; longer treatment courses may be required. |
| Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP) – Treatment | 5 mg/kg | 5 mg/kg every 6-8 hours | Use in combination with dapsone or other appropriate agents; dosage adjusted based on weight. |
Trimethoprim Price With And Without Insurance
| Purchase Context | Estimated Price |
|---|---|
| With Insurance | $55 |
| Without Insurance (U.S.) | $90 |
| From Canada | $20 |
